Poland is a democracy, with a President as a Head of State, whose current constitution dates from 1997.

Great (north) Poland was founded in 966 by Mieszko I, who belonged to the Piast dynasty. The tribes of southern Poland then formed Little Poland. In 1047, both Great Poland and Little Poland united under the rule of Casimir I the Restorer. Poland merged with Lithuania by royal marriage in 1386. The Polish-Lithuanian state reached the peak of ATS pober between the 14th and 16th centurie, scoring milibary successes against the (Germanic) Knights of the Teutonic Order, the Russians, and the Ottoman Turks.

Poland (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe.

Map of Luxembourg : www.maps.google.com

Information about Luxembourg city: www.lcto.lu

Country profile of Luxembourg: www.infomobil.org

Languages in Luxembourg: www.wikipedia.org

Here are some more ’useful’ phrases in Luxembourgish:

Moyen - Hello, good morning
Addy/Eddy - Goodbye
Merci - Thank you

Eng, svee, dree - One, two, three
Wou kann ech een Ticket kaafen? - Where can I get a ticket?
Ech hatt garen een Ticket fir op..? - Can I have a ticket to...?

Luxembourg is an attractive country with a green and picturesque landscape and many historical sites within easy reach of one another. The northern third of the country is the Ardennes, set in beautiful forested hills and valleys.

Customs of Luxembourg

Knowing the customs of a country is, in effect, a guide to understanding the soul of that country and its people. Luxembourgers cherish their independence and separate identity in Europe. Modesty, friendship and strong national pride are valued. They enjoy a slower pace of life than most of northern Europe. Family is very important. Parents influence every aspect of their children’s lives; however, this is weakening as more young people leave the country to study/work abroad.

Culture of Luxembourg: The culture of Luxembourg refers to the cultural life and traditions of the small European nation of Luxembourg.

Type: Constitutional monarchy.
Independence: 1839.
Constitution: 1868.
Branches: Executive - Grand Duke (head of state, ceremonial), Prime Minister (head of government). Legislative - unicameral parliament (Chamber of Deputies with Council of State serving as a consultative body). Judicial - Superior Court.
Political parties in parliament: Christian Social Union (CSV), Socialist Workers’ Party (LSAP), Democratic Party (DP), Green Party, Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR).
Suffrage: Universal over age of 18.